Distracted driving may be caused by:

  1. Eating, drinking, or smoking.
  2. Talking or texting on a cellular phone.
  3. Changing a radio station or CD.
  4. All of the above. ✓

Answer: D. All of the above.

Distracted driving may be caused by all of the above: eating, drinking or smoking, talking or texting on a phone, and changing a radio station or CD.

Why this is the answer

The manual defines a distraction as anything that pulls your attention away from driving, and it warns that both physical actions and mental activities are risky. It names cell phone use and texting directly, and it tells you to avoid eating while driving. It also says taking your eyes off the road or your hands off the wheel creates obvious risk. Adjusting a radio or CD fits that same description, so each listed activity is a distraction and none of them can be singled out as the only one.

Why the other answers are wrong

Remember it

Ask yourself three questions about any activity: does it take my eyes, my hands, or my mind off the road? If any answer is yes, it is a distraction.

Official handbook: New York State Driver's Manual (MV-21), Chapter 8: Defensive Driving – Driver Distractions

Explanation drafted with AI (deepseek-flash) from the official handbook passage cited above, then checked automatically and by a second model on 2026-10-23. Always confirm with the official handbook.